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a cura di Francesco Naef
Art. 70 Litisconsorzio necessario
1 Più persone devono agire o essere convenute congiuntamente se sono parte di un rapporto giuridico sul quale può essere deciso solo con unico effetto per tutte.
2 Gli atti processuali tempestivi di un litisconsorte vincolano anche i litisconsorti rimasti silenti; sono eccettuate le impugnazioni.
Azione in contestazione di paternità - litisconsorzio necessario improprio
Nach der bundesgerichtlichen Rechtsprechung zu aArt. 253 Abs. 2 ZGB besteht zwischen Mutter und Kind im Anfechtungsprozess eine notwendige (passive) Streitgenossenschaft, doch hindert dieser Umstand nicht daran, dass ein im Verfahren gegen Mutter und Kind ergangener Entscheid von der Mutter oder vom Kind allein weitergezogen werden kann. Auf die Berufung des Kindes ist daher einzutreten, ohne dass die Mutter im Berufungsverfahren als dessen Streitgenossin oder gar als Berufungsbeklagte zu behandeln wäre (E. 3.2). Daran ist festzuhalten und hat das Inkrafttreten der Schweizerischen Zivilprozessordnung nichts geändert (E. 4.1). Tribunale federale 5A_702/2012 del 19.11.2012 in DTF 138 III 737
Condizioni per un litisconsorzio passivo necessario o facoltativo - Tribunale commerciale
Art. 6 Abs. 2 lit. c ZPO ist so zu lesen, dass im Fall der passiven notwendigen Streitgenossenschaft sämtliche Beklagten im Handelsregister eingetragen sein müssen. Andernfalls sind die ordentlichen Gerichte zuständig (E. 4).
Liegt eine (passive) einfache Streitgenossenschaft vor, so vertritt das Handelsgericht
des Kantons Bern die Ansicht, gesamthaft auf die Klage nicht einzutreten, wenn es für einzelne der (eingeklagten) Streitgenossen nicht zuständig ist (E. 8). Handelsgericht (BE) HG 12 127 del 9.12.2012
Iscrizione definitiva di un'ipoteca legale degli artigiani - Condizioni per un litisconsorzio facoltativo - Tribunale commerciale
Die Klage gegen die Bestellerin auf Bezahlung des Werklohns und die Klagen gegen die Drittpfandeigentümer auf definitive Eintragung der Bauhandwerkerpfandrechte können getrennt eingereicht werden, genauso wie die einzelnen Klagen auf definitive Eintragung der Teilpfandsummen. Es liegt somit keine notwendige passive Streitgenossenschaft vor.
Die einfache passive Streitgenossenschaft setzt unter anderem (stillschweigend) die gleiche sachliche Zuständigkeit für alle eingeklagten Ansprüche voraus. Wäre für gewisse Beklagte das Handelsgericht, für andere das ordentliche Gericht zuständig, kann der Kanton eine einheitliche Zuständigkeit des ordentlichen Gerichts für die einfache passive Streitgenossenschaft vorsehen (E. 5.1). Tribunale federale 4A_66/2012 del 29.5.2012 in DTF 138 III 471
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